The two dominantly produced aggregates, lightweight (also known as pumice and scoria) and the normal weight (basalt), requires different productions operation and equipment. The lightweight aggregate is produced from quarries by simple digging or bulldozing as it is a soft material.
Traditionally coarse aggregate is produced by heating a boulder at a higher temperature and crushing it by a hammer using a manual labor to the required approximate sizes. On the other hand, the modern way of aggregate production requires aggregate crushing machines so that the quarry is either drilled, blasted or dug with special mechanisms, fed to crushers, crushed, sieved and separated according to the particle sizes.
Coarse aggregate production is a multi stage process. It involves several different techniques such as quarrying, crushing, screening, size classification, material handling and storage operations.
The raw materials of coarse aggregate such as basalt, limestone, granite, dolomite, traprock, sandstone, quartz, marble, shell, and slate etc., will be extraction by quarrying machine, and then conveyed by belt conveyor system to the crushing plant for size reduction, such as jaw crusher, hammer crusher, gyratory crusher, impact crusher and cone crusher.
Screening plant and spiral classifier will be applied to separate the different particle. There are also washing and drying plant used in aggregate production.
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